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href="http://kiki.kim/2022/12/12/%E4%B8%8D%E5%90%8C%E7%9A%84docker-compose%E4%B9%8B%E9%97%B4%E7%9A%84%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E9%80%9A%E4%BF%A1/"><span hidden itemprop="author" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"><meta itemprop="image" content="https://halliday.oss-cn-nanjing.aliyuncs.com/imagesbjx.png"><meta itemprop="name" content="小梦同学"></span><span hidden itemprop="publisher" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Organization"><meta itemprop="name" content="随言碎语"><meta itemprop="description" content="欲买桂花同载酒，终不似，少年游。"></span><span hidden itemprop="post" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/CreativeWork"><meta itemprop="name" content="不同的docker-compose之间的网络通信 | 随言碎语"><meta itemprop="description" content=""></span><header class="post-header"><h1 class="post-title" itemprop="name headline">不同的docker-compose之间的网络通信</h1><div class="post-meta-container"><div class="post-meta"><span class="post-meta-item"><span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="far fa-calendar"></i> </span><span class="post-meta-item-text">发表于</span> <time title="创建时间：2022-12-12 10:25:34" itemprop="dateCreated datePublished" datetime="2022-12-12T10:25:34+08:00">2022-12-12</time> </span><span class="post-meta-item"><span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="far fa-calendar-check"></i> </span><span class="post-meta-item-text">更新于</span> <time title="修改时间：2023-05-11 12:24:17" itemprop="dateModified" datetime="2023-05-11T12:24:17+08:00">2023-05-11</time> </span><span class="post-meta-item" title="阅读次数" id="busuanzi_container_page_pv"><span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="far fa-eye"></i> </span><span class="post-meta-item-text">阅读次数：</span> <span id="busuanzi_value_page_pv"></span> </span><span class="post-meta-break"></span> <span class="post-meta-item" title="本文字数"><span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="far fa-file-word"></i> </span><span class="post-meta-item-text">本文字数：</span> <span>3.3k</span> </span><span class="post-meta-item" title="阅读时长"><span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="far fa-clock"></i> </span><span class="post-meta-item-text">阅读时长 ≈</span> <span>6 分钟</span></span></div></div></header><div class="post-body" itemprop="articleBody"><p>不同的docker-compose之间的网络是不互通的，</p><span id="more"></span><h2 id="1-背景说明">1. 背景说明</h2><p>Docker Compose是一个用来定义和运行复杂应用的Docker工具。<br>Compose 通过一个配置文件来管理多个Docker容器，在配置文件中，所有的容器通过services来定义，然后使用docker-compose脚本来启动，停止和重启应用，和应用中的服务以及所有依赖服务的容器，非常适合组合使用多个容器进行开发的场景。</p><p>可以简单的认为一个docker-compose.yml文件，就是一整套docker的运行环境，多个docker-compose.yml之间的网络默认是不互通的。</p><p>举个简单的列子：<br>A:</p><p>docker-compose.yml</p><figure class="highlight yaml"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="attr">version:</span> <span class="string">"3"</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">services:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">server:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">image:</span> <span class="string">gitea/gitea:1.19.0</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">container_name:</span> <span class="string">gitea</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">environment:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">USER_UID=1000</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">USER_GID=1000</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">GITEA__database__DB_TYPE=mysql</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">GITEA__database__HOST=db:3306</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">GITEA__database__NAME=gitea</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">GITEA__database__USER=gitea</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">GITEA__database__PASSWD=gitea</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">restart:</span> <span class="string">always</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">networks:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">gitea</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">volumes:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">./gitea:/data</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">/etc/timezone:/etc/timezone:ro</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">/etc/localtime:/etc/localtime:ro</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">ports:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">"3000:3000"</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">"222:22"</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">depends_on:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">db</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">db:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">image:</span> <span class="string">mysql:8</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">restart:</span> <span class="string">always</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">environment:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=gitea</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">MYSQL_USER=gitea</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">MYSQL_PASSWORD=gitea</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">MYSQL_DATABASE=gitea</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">networks:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">gitea</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">volumes:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">./mysql:/var/lib/mysql</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">networks:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">gitea:</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>B:</p><p>docker-compose.yml</p><figure class="highlight yaml"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="attr">version:</span> <span class="string">"3"</span></span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">services:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">webstack:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">image:</span> <span class="string">arvon2014/webstack-laravel:v1.2.2</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">container_name:</span> <span class="string">my_navigation_website</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">ports:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">"XXXXX:8000"</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">volumes:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">/etc/navigation_website</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">networks:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">webstack_network</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">environment:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">DB_HOST:</span> <span class="string">***.***.***.***</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">DB_PORT:</span> <span class="string">XXXXX</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">DB_PASSWORD:</span> <span class="string">**********</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">depends_on:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">mysql</span></span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">mysql:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">image:</span> <span class="string">mysql:5.6</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">container_name:</span> <span class="string">navigation_website_mysql</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">environment:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD:</span> <span class="string">**************</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">MYSQL_ALLOW_WMPTY_PASSWORD:</span> <span class="string">'no'</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">MYSQL_DATABASE:</span> <span class="string">'XXXXXXXX'</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">MYSQL_USER:</span> <span class="string">'XXXXXXX'</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">MYSQL_PASSWORD:</span> <span class="string">*******************</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">ports:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">"XXXXX:3306"</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">volumes:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">/app/mysql/db:/var/libmysql</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">/app/mysql/conf/my.cnf:/etc/my.cnf</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">/app/mysql/init:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">networks:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">webstack_network</span></span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">networks:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">webstack_network:</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>A和B两个docker-compose.yml中都有mysql的容器在运行，相当于是同时安装了2个mysql。这在某种程度上来说是没必要的，完全可以使用同一个mysql，在里面创建不同的数据库和用户即可。</p><p>默认情况下A和B网络是不通的，可以通过以下配置，让其处于一个网络中。</p><p>A:</p><p>同层目录下创建一个 <strong>.env</strong></p><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">[root@zmr-service mysql]# cat .env</span><br><span class="line">COMPOSE_PROJECT_NAME=app</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>docker-compose.yml</p><figure class="highlight yaml"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="attr">version:</span> <span class="string">'3'</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">services:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">mysql8:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">image:</span> <span class="string">mysql/mysql-server:8.0.32</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">restart:</span> <span class="string">always</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">container_name:</span> <span class="string">"mysql8"</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># ports:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># - 3306:3306</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">environment:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD:</span> <span class="number">12345678</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">MYSQL_DATABASE:</span> <span class="string">gitea</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">MYSQL_USER:</span> <span class="string">gitea</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">MYSQL_PASSWORD:</span> <span class="number">12345678</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">LC_ALL:</span> <span class="string">"en_US.UTF-8"</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">TZ:</span> <span class="string">"Asia/Shanghai"</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">volumes:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">"/opt/docker-data/mysql/datadir:/var/lib/mysql"</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">"/opt/docker-data/mysql/init:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.dl"</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">command:</span> <span class="string">--default-authentication-plugin=mysql_native_password</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">networks:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">net</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">....</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">....</span> </span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">networks:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">net:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">driver:</span> <span class="string">bridge</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>运行起来后，看一下网络情况</p><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">[root@zmr-service mysql]# docker network ls</span><br><span class="line">NETWORK ID NAME DRIVER SCOPE</span><br><span class="line">391b4ed84d89 app_net bridge local ----这个就是上面A创建出来的网桥</span><br><span class="line">31d18700914d bridge bridge local</span><br><span class="line">e976eb0945b9 host host local</span><br><span class="line">fa4d4514eb40 none null local</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>B</p><p>在B的docker-compose.yml中继承A的网桥</p><figure class="highlight yaml"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="attr">version:</span> <span class="string">"3"</span></span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">services:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">webstack:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">image:</span> <span class="string">arvon2014/webstack-laravel:v1.2.2</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">container_name:</span> <span class="string">my_navigation_website</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">ports:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">"XXXXX:8000"</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">volumes:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">/etc/navigation_website</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">networks:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">app_net</span> <span class="comment"># ---这里直接使用 A 创建出来的网桥</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">environment:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">DB_HOST:</span> <span class="string">mysql8</span> <span class="comment"># ---- 这里是可以直接填写 mysql在A中的service名称</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">DB_PORT:</span> <span class="string">XXXXX</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">DB_PASSWORD:</span> <span class="string">**********</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">networks:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">app_net:</span> <span class="comment"># ----这里直接使用 A 创建出来的网桥</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">external:</span> <span class="literal">true</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></div><footer class="post-footer"><div><div style="text-align:center;color:#ccc;font-size:24px;padding-top:10px">----- The End -----</div><div><center><link rel="stylesheet" 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