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class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="far fa-calendar-check"></i> </span><span class="post-meta-item-text">更新于</span> <time title="修改时间：2023-05-02 22:34:01" itemprop="dateModified" datetime="2023-05-02T22:34:01+08:00">2023-05-02</time> </span><span class="post-meta-item" title="阅读次数" id="busuanzi_container_page_pv"><span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="far fa-eye"></i> </span><span class="post-meta-item-text">阅读次数：</span> <span id="busuanzi_value_page_pv"></span> </span><span class="post-meta-break"></span> <span class="post-meta-item" title="本文字数"><span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="far fa-file-word"></i> </span><span class="post-meta-item-text">本文字数：</span> <span>2.6k</span> </span><span class="post-meta-item" title="阅读时长"><span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="far fa-clock"></i> </span><span class="post-meta-item-text">阅读时长 ≈</span> <span>5 分钟</span></span></div></div></header><div class="post-body" itemprop="articleBody"><p>locust是一个易于使用的，分布式的，用户负载测试工具。用于web站点（或其他系统）的负载测试，然后算出系统能够处理多少并发用户。</p><span id="more"></span><h2 id="locust">locust</h2><p>Locust（俗称 蝗虫）, 一个轻量级的开源压测工具，用Python编写。用于web站点（或其他系统）的负载测试，然后算出系统能够处理多少并发用户。</p><p>ocust的思想是：在测试期间，一大群"蝗虫"会攻击你的网站，每一个"蝗虫"的行为都是由你自己定义的，同时，可以在一个web界面上实时的监控这群进程。这会帮助你更好的"进行战斗"，在真正的用户进入之前，就找出代码中的瓶颈。</p><h2 id="安装">安装</h2><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">pip install locustio</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>示例</p><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">coding=utf-8</span></span><br><span class="line">import requests</span><br><span class="line">from locust import HttpLocust,TaskSet,task</span><br><span class="line">from requests.packages.urllib3.exceptions import InsecureRequestWarning</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">禁用安全请求警告</span></span><br><span class="line">requests.packages.urllib3.disable_warnings(InsecureRequestWarning)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">class MyBlogs(TaskSet):</span><br><span class="line"> # 访问我的博客首页</span><br><span class="line"> @task(1)</span><br><span class="line"> def get_blog(self):</span><br><span class="line"> # 定义请求头</span><br><span class="line"> header = {"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/69.0.3497.100 Safari/537.36"}</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> req = self.client.get("/imyalost", headers=header, verify=False)</span><br><span class="line"> if req.status_code == 200:</span><br><span class="line"> print("success")</span><br><span class="line"> else:</span><br><span class="line"> print("fails")</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">class websitUser(HttpLocust):</span><br><span class="line"> task_set = MyBlogs</span><br><span class="line"> min_wait = 3000 # 单位为毫秒</span><br><span class="line"> max_wait = 6000 # 单位为毫秒</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">if __name__ == "__main__":</span><br><span class="line"> import os</span><br><span class="line"> os.system("locust -f locusttest.py --host=https://www.cnblogs.com")</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p><strong>运行</strong></p><ol><li><p>如果启动的locust文件名为locustfile.py并位于当前工作目录中，可以在编译器中直接运行该文件，或者通过cmd，执行如下命令：</p><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">locust --host=https://www.cnblogs.com </span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></li><li><p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="http://xn--Locustlocustfile-dr9ybbyjx9hn2cywcg85cv33ajpjok0amh2bx3d7zmb43jerta.py">如果Locust文件位于子目录下且名称不是locustfile.py</a>，可以使用-f命令启动上面的示例locust文件：</p><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">locust -f testscript/locusttest.py --host=https://www.cnblogs.com </span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></li><li><p>如果要运行分布在多个进程中的Locust，通过指定<code>-master</code>以下内容来启动主进程 ：</p></li></ol><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">locust -f testscript/locusttest.py --master --host=https://www.cnblogs.com </span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><ol start="4"><li><p>如果要启动任意数量的从属进程，可以通过-salve命令来启动locust文件：</p><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">locust -f testscript/locusttest.py --salve --host=https://www.cnblogs.com </span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></li><li><p>如果要运行分布式Locust，必须在启动从机时指定主机（运行分布在单台机器上的Locust时不需要这样做，因为主机默认为127.0.0.1）：</p><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">locust -f testscript/locusttest.py --slave --master-host=192.168.0.100 --host=https://cnblogs.com </span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></li><li><p>启动locust文件成功后，编译器控制台会显示如下信息：</p><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"> [2018-10-09 01:01:44,727] IMYalost/INFO/locust.main: Starting web monitor at *:8089</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">[2018-10-09 01:01:44,729] IMYalost/INFO/locust.main: Starting Locust 0.8 </span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></li></ol><ul><li>注：8089是该服务启动的端口号，如果是本地启动，可以直接在浏览器输入http://localhost:8089打开UI界面，如果是其他机器搭建locust服务，则输入该机器的IP+端口即可；</li></ul><p><strong>locust的UI界面</strong></p><p><img src="https://halliday.oss-cn-nanjing.aliyuncs.com/image-20230502140304254.png" alt="image-20230502140304254"></p><figure class="highlight tex"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">Number of users to simulate：设置模拟的用户总数</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">Hatch rate (users spawned/second)：每秒启动的虚拟用户数</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">Start swarming：执行locust脚本</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p><strong>测试结果界面</strong></p><p><img src="https://halliday.oss-cn-nanjing.aliyuncs.com/image-20230502140342683.png" alt="image-20230502140342683"></p><figure class="highlight tex"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">Type：请求类型，即接口的请求方法；</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">Name：请求路径；</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">requests：当前已完成的请求数量；</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">fails：当前失败的数量；</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">Median：响应时间的中间值，即50<span class="comment">%的响应时间在这个数值范围内，单位为毫秒；</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">Average：平均响应时间，单位为毫秒；</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">Min：最小响应时间，单位为毫秒；</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">Max：最大响应时间，单位为毫秒；</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">Content Size：所有请求的数据量，单位为字节；</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">reqs/sec：每秒钟处理请求的数量，即QPS；</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p><strong>模块说明</strong></p><p><img src="https://halliday.oss-cn-nanjing.aliyuncs.com/image-20230502140438998.png" alt="image-20230502140438998"></p><figure class="highlight tex"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">New test：点击该按钮可对模拟的总虚拟用户数和每秒启动的虚拟用户数进行编辑；</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">Statistics：类似于jmeter中Listen的聚合报告；</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">Charts：测试结果变化趋势的曲线展示图，分别为每秒完成的请求数（RPS）、响应时间、不同时间的虚拟用户数；</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">Failures：失败请求的展示界面；</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">Exceptions：异常请求的展示界面；</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">Download Data：测试数据下载模块， 提供三种类型的CSV格式的下载，分别是：Statistics、responsetime、exceptions；</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></div><footer class="post-footer"><div><div style="text-align:center;color:#ccc;font-size:24px;padding-top:10px">----- The End -----</div><div><center><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/social-share.js/1.0.16/css/share.min.css"><div class="social-share" data-sites="weibo, qq, qzone,wechat"></div><script src="http://apps.bdimg.com/libs/jquery/1.8.2/jquery.js"></script><script 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